Federalism: A Comparative Analysis of Nigeria and Switzerland

Abstract

This paper examines federalism, with a comparative analysis of Nigeria and Switzerland. Federalism was put into practice first in United States in 1789. Federalism is a system of government in which powers are constitutionally shared between the central government and the constituent units. A Federal system is a form of government which has been a contemporary issue and it is a popular concept in various countries constitution in the world. Nigeria in Africa and Switzerland in central Europe have a federal model in practice and this paper analysed the distinctive federal structure and similarities of Nigeria and Switzerland. Both countries have several characteristics such as supremacy of the constitution; equal representation of all interest groups, and principle of separation of powers. The paper adopted the qualitative mode of inquiry. The study adopted the structural-functionalism as its theoretical framework. The paper concluded that Nigeria and Switzerland operated a formal division of powers between three levels of government for easy administration. Both countries’ federal system has not yet practiced a true federal structure and also they have autonomy problem between the levels of governments. The study recommended that Nigeria and Switzerland should adopt a full fiscal system in order to provide even development. Additionally, both Countries’ federal system should be given full autonomy among all layers of government.